Receptacle Control Basics

Energy Codes have undoubtedly resulted in more energy-efficient and sustainable construction, with many requirements offering clear, measurable energy savings. However, receptacle control is one requirement where the tangible energy savings benefits can be more difficult to understand.

Receptacle control refers to the automatic shutoff of power to certain electrical receptacles based on either occupancy sensors integrated with the lighting system or a timeclock schedule, with the goal of eliminating power draw from cord-and-plug devices when users are not actively using their equipment. Areas such as private offices, open offices, conference rooms, copy/printing rooms, and break rooms are some of the spaces that generally require controlled receptacles.

Requirements for receptacle control first appeared in the 2010 version of ASHRAE 90.1, then were later adopted into the 2021 version of the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC). These codes generally require that a minimum of 50% of all receptacles within prescribed spaces be automatically controlled, and require that a controlled receptacle be located within 12 inches of an uncontrolled receptacle. This ensures a generally uniform layout of both controlled and uncontrolled receptacles in a space for maximum user flexibility. Additionally, controlled receptacles are required to be marked with a symbol indicating their status as a receptacle that will automatically be shut off.

There are some exceptions that can be applied to these requirements, such as for receptacles designated specifically for equipment requiring 24/7 operation (security equipment, refrigeration equipment, IT racks, etc.), and spaces where automatic control would endanger the safety or security of building occupants.

Careful review and consideration of these requirements and exceptions is critical to ensuring the operational requirements of your space are achieved. For example, if an occupancy-sensor based shutoff is implemented, and users frequently leave items at their desks charging while away from their desk, the automatic shutoff could remove power to the charging receptacle. This may leave the user confused and could lead to the perception that the electrical receptacles are malfunctioning.

At TLE, we can provide a careful review of your space and user needs, and help you navigate a path to compliance. We urge you to reach out with any questions!